Wagner, Warren L., Derral R. Herbst and S. H. Sohmer. 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i (Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication, 2 Vol. Set). Honolulu, HI
Flora of Hawaii:
Distribution In the Hawaiian Islands, endemic to Kaua`i, O`ahu, Moloka`i, Lana`i, Maui, Kaho`olawe, Hawai`i.
Habit Perennials; culms forming large tufts, erect, up to 20 dm tall, up to 1 cm in diameter at base, glabrous.
Leaves Sheaths glabrous, pilose or glabrous at throat; ligule a dense row of hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long; blades flat, usually involute toward the slender apex, usually 5-10 mm wide, upper surface scabrous, lower surface glabrous.
Flowers Inflorescences paniculate, open, oblong, up to 50 cm long, the branches widely spaced, fasciculate, ascending, usually bearing spikelets nearly to base, axils pilose, the axis and branches smooth in lower part, scabrous in upper part; spikelets 5-10-flowered, compressed, 5-9 mm long, rachilla internodes ca. 0.8 mm long, scabrous, lateral pedicels ca. 1 mm long; glumes 2.5-3 mm long, scabrous, apex acuminate; lemmas loosely imbricate, exposing rachilla, ca. 3 mm long, glabrous, keel scaberulous, apex acuminate or acute; palea slightly shorter than lemma, keel scabrous-ciliate.
Fruit Caryopsis reddish brown, ovoid to oblong, trigonous, 0.5-1.5 mm long.
Development of the Consortium of Pacific Herbaria and several of the specimen databases have been
supported by National Science Foundation Grants (BRC 1057303,
ADBC 1304924
and ADBC1115116).
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