Wagner, Warren L., Derral R. Herbst and S. H. Sohmer. 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i (Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication, 2 Vol. Set). Honolulu, HI

Flora of Hawaii:

Distribution     
In the Hawaiian Islands, endemic to Kaua`i, O`ahu.

Habit
Large sprawling shrubs up to 4(-5) m tall, trunk up to 15 cm in diameter, all parts but particularly young parts densely pubescent with yellowish brown stellate hairs, dense on lower leaf surface, sparser on upper surface with age, unarmed. 

Leaves
Leaves simple, alternate, sometimes geminate, ovate in outline, often 10-15 cm long, 5-14 cm wide, margins entire or with a few shallow lobes or with up to 4 distinct lobes on each margin, each with 1-2 teeth, apex acuminate, lobe apex rounded to acuminate, base rounded, oblique, petioles 2-4 cm long.  Flowers  

Flowers
Flowers perfect, actinomorphic, few to 40 in simple or 1-2-forked subpaniculate cymes from an extra-axillary or leaf-opposed position, peduncle to first flower or fork 2-4 cm long, pedicels ca. 15 mm long, bent at end so flower faces down; calyx ca. 4 mm long including the lobes, these acuminate, ca. 2 mm long; corolla white with faint purplish midline stripe, 2-2.5 cm in diameter, the lobes divided 3/4 their length, elliptic, somewhat reflexed at anthesis, densely pubescent externally with stipitate stellate hairs, sparsely pubescent within, apex acute; stamens inserted low on corolla tube; filaments white, erect, ca. 2 mm long, glabrous; anthers yellow, stout, incurved, 2-2.5 mm long, opening by minute transverse apical pores, their apices meeting at summit of style; ovary bluntly conical, white stellate pubescent; style erect, ca. 2 mm long, stellate pubescent in lower part; stigma pale green, capitate.   

Fruit
Berries few to several per cyme, black at maturity, succulent, globose to ellipsoid, 1.3-1.5 cm in diameter.   

Chromosomes
2n = 24*