Wagner, Warren L., Derral R. Herbst and S. H. Sohmer. 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i (Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication, 2 Vol. Set). Honolulu, HI

Flora of Hawaii: Distribution    
In the Hawaiian Islands, endemic to Kaua`i, O`ahu, Moloka`i, Lana`i, Maui, Hawai`i.

Habit
Stiffly erect shrubs 1-5 m tall; stems 2-30, forming small clumps.

 

Leaves
Leaves deciduous, chartaceous, ovate to obovate, 5-8 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, blades usually quite glabrous, margins serrate. 

Flowers
Pedicels 1-3 cm long; calyx somewhat puberulent when young, the lobes deltate, foliaceous, overlapping in bud, 2-3 mm wide at base, longer than the tube at anthesis; corolla green, yellowish green, or reddish green, urceolate to cylindrical, 9-12 mm long. 

Fruit
Berries bright red, insipid, 9-15 mm in diameter. long (incl. stipe), the base attenuate to a 3-winged stipe ca. 1.5 mm long. 

Chromosomes
2n = 24*