Pol)podium keraudrenianum Gaudich.; Dryopteris keraudreniana (Gaudich.) C. Chr.; D. rubiformis W. J. Rob.; Nephrodium keraudrenianum (Gaudich.) Diels; Phegopteris keraudreniana (Gaudich.) H. Mann; Ph. keraudreniana var. procera (Brack.) Hillebr.; Ph. keraudreniana var. tripinnata Hillebr.; Ph. procera (Brack.) H. Mann; Po/ypodium procerum Brack.; Toppingia keraudreniana (Gaudich.) 0. Deg., I. Deg., & A. R. Sm.; T. procerum (Brack.) 0. Deg & I. Deg.

Endemic waimakanui, 'aka lea, ala 'alai (P. & E.)

Name honors P. Keraudren (born 1769), inspector general for the medical office of the French marine and writer of medical works.

Plants with very long fronds of indeter-minate growth. Rhizomes long-creeping, densely covered with dark, shiny roots. Fronds spaced 4-8 cm apart, indeterminate in length, up to 6+ m long, terminal dormant tips growing intermittently after lower pinnae mature. Stipes round, straw-colored to red-dish brown, glabrous except at bases in young fronds. Blades 2-pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate-pinnatisect, long-lanceolate, chartaceous; rachises straw-colored, often somewhat pink, shiny. Pinnae opposite to slightly subopposite, short-stalked, oblong to linear-lanceolate, light green, acuminate to obtuse, middle pinnae to 80 em long, basal pinnae smaller. Pinnules alternate, adnate to short-stalked, cut 1/3-7/8 distance to costae, abaxial surface sparsely hairy with unicellular, sharp-tipped hairs along costae and veins. Ultimate segments to 2.5 cm long, obtuse-deltate, entire, crenate to lobed. Veins to lobes pinnate, then mostly 1-forked. Sori small, round to slightly oblong. Indusia absent.

Locally common in wet forests, 200-1,800 m, all major islands. On O'ahu now known from only three locations in the Wai 'anae Mountains and only one in the Ko'olau Mountains.

Pseudophegopteris keraudreniana pro-duces fronds that grow indefinitely-up to 6 m or more long-and become vinelike as they drape over other plants. This remark-able fern may be recognized by the 2 crescent-shaped, straplike vascular bundles in stipe base cross sections; 2-pinnate-pinnatifid blades; and opposite pinnae. The pinna rachises and midribs of the ultimate segments have very short, often deciduous, needlelike hairs.