Herbaria in Australia and New Zealand house over seven million plant, algae and fungi specimens. Herbarium specimens are an important resource for research on the Australian flora and provide a permanent record of the occurrence of a species at a particular place and time. AVH provides access to the collecting data associated with these specimens. The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) is an online resource that provides dynamic access to the wealth of plant specimen data held by Australian herbaria. AVH is a collaborative project of the Commonwealth, state and territory herbaria, under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH). Herbarium specimens are accompanied by information on where and when they were collected, by whom, their current identification, and information on habitat and associated species. So far, approximately 75 per cent of the specimens housed in Australian herbaria have been databased. AVH is a dynamic resource. New specimen records are added as herbaria continue to database their ever-growing collections, and existing records are updated to reflect name changes and data validation work.

The establishment of the Natural History Section has provided an opportunity to acquire old plant specimen collections from the former Division of Conservation and Entomology. Belau National Museum is an important archive of valuable scientific natural history specimens including 5000 herbaria specimens, a pinned insect collection, and a newly acquired marine mollusk (sea shell) collection. The museum's archives of specimens and literature are an important national resource for the support of educational, cultural and conservation programs. In this context, the mission of the Natural History Section is to collect, identify, catalog, preserve and educate the public about the terrestrial biological diversity of Palau with special emphasis on plants and animals that have cultural significance. The Natural History Section has several staff including Ann Kitalong (biologist), Soleh Hanser, and Alan R. Olsen, entomologist.

This collection is an assemblage of specimen records from Bhutan but not currently accessible through the National Biodiversity Centre National Herbarium. The National Herbarium was initially started by the Department of Forests and Parks Services in conjunction with the Flora of Bhutan Project in the mid 1970s. In 1987 the herbarium was moved to Taba and housed with the forest research library under the Forest Research Division. With the establishment of National Biodiversity Centre in 1999, the herbarium was moved to the present location at Serbithang. The new herbarium building at Serbithang was completed in 2002, with funding support from DANIDA. Currently, the herbarium houses more than 10,000 collections of Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, Pteridophytes and Byrophytes.

This collection is currently being curated and will be accessioned into the main herbarium collection in 2016. In the fall of 2013, Dr. Dan Palmer collaborated with Michael Thomas to donate his collection of more than 2,600 fern and bryophyte specimens to the Joseph F. Rock Herbarium, the UH botanical specimen repository. Dr. Palmer resides near to the UH Manoa campus, and he is still researching his specimens as a adjunct faculty member.

Reference: The Gift Of Daniel Palmer’s Hobby http://www.generations808.com/dj2015h.html

The Mycology Collections Portal (MyCoPortal) Hawaiian Islands data is presented. Using the Symbiota (http://symbiota.org) system of virtual online floras, these data are directly accessible to dynamically generate geo-referenced species checklists, distribution maps, and interactive identification keys, all linked with a rich collection of digital imagery documenting fungal diversity of North America.

The Haleakalā National Park museum collection documents the cultural and natural history of the park and exemplifies its physical resources. The collection is divided into three main categories: natural history, cultural resources and archives. The natural history collection is represented by biological specimens and geological samples. The herbarium includes native and non-native plants that have been collected from the park and East Maui. The entomological collection consists of mounted native and non-native insects collected within the island of Maui. The cultural resources collection is represented by archeological, historical and ethnographic objects and works of art. The archives consist mostly of documents and photographs about the history, development and management activities of the park. The archives have not been processed and finding aids (lists summarizing the contents) are currently unavailable.

The park's herbarium collection includes over 6,000 cataloged vascular plants, lichens, bryophytes, marine algae, and seeds. The collection was initiated by Otto Degener, a former professor of botany at the University of Hawai'i, when he took over the interpretive program at the park in 1929. Degener himself contributed 25 specimens to the collection starting in 1922 and continuing until 1982.

Other early collectors contributed specimens to the herbarium as well; K.L. Fowler – 53 specimens (1937), H. Morley – 155 specimens (1934-1943), G.E. Olson – 115 specimens (1936-1940), P.H. Baldwin – 30 specimens (1941-1971) and last, but most significantly, G.O. Fagerlund and A.L. Mitchell – 700 specimens (1933-1945) with a couple of specimens in the 1970's). In subsequent years more than 3,000 vascular plants, bryophytes and mosses were added to the cataloged collection during resource management activities, inventory and monitoring, and other authorized scientific research. P.K. Higashino, T. Herat, K. Herat, and L.W. Pratt were major contributors to the collection as well as many others. The collection includes specimens of 33 endangered species.

The scope of the collection encompasses; specimens from within the boundaries of the park and immediately adjacent to the park, specimens from the island of Hawai'i which, because of the dynamic nature of the plants, may become species of concern to resource management in the future, specimens from other islands in the Hawaiian chain of interest for genetic/evolutionary research and/or of interest due to future possible migration to the park, and specimens from the greater Pacific region of interest for their historic or evolutionary ties to the flora of Hawai'i.

Collecting continues within the park by resource management staff to document occurrence of native species and their distribution patterns as well as the documentation of alien species and their distribution. Collecting is also connected with legi

Since 1992, the University of Hawaii has been collecting and extracting DNA from native Hawaiian plants. This has culminated in the production of the Hawaiian Plant DNA Library (HPDL) with over 6,380 accessions to date. Although many of these collections are of multiple individuals in plant populations, there are extensive collections from various trips throughout the islands. Approximately 86% of the plant genera in Hawaii are represented and over 50% of the species. Many of these plants are endangered, and some are also extinct in the wild.

DNA is available for use by all researchers. Most DNA was extracted using a modification of the CTAB and then purified by banding in cesium chloride.

The majority of the accessions were obtained from natural populations, many accessions were also obtained from plants grown in various arboreta and botanical gardens. These collections include: Amy Greenwell Ethnobotanic Garden (Hawaii), Foster Gardens (Oahu), Lyon Arboretum (Oahu), National Tropical Botanical Garden (Kauai), and Waimea Botanical Garden (Oahu).

References:

Randell, R.A. and C.W. Morden. 1999. Hawaiian Plant DNA library II: endemic, indigenous, and introduced species. Pacific Science 53: 401-417.

Morden, C. W., V. C. Caraway, T. J. Motley. 1996. Development of a DNA library for native Hawaiian plants. Pacific Science 50: 324-335.

This collection includes specimens collected for BOT661 Hawaiian Vascular Plants. Identification, systematics, evolution, and biogeography of native plants. Field trips.
Pre: 461 or consent. (2 Lec, 1 3-hr Lab) 3 credits.

Instructor: Cliff Morden

Founded in 1963, the Herbarium of the IRD Noumea (NOU) is a regional herbarium, occupying a room of 85 m² dedicated to collections. The samples are stored in wooden racks. Fruit specimens are stored in plastic containers. The silicate and alcohol specimens are stored in a refrigerator. The herbarium collection consists of approximately 85,000 specimens of vascular plants, including 700 types (mainly isotypes). 90% of the collection is dedicated to the flora of New Caledonia and the remaining 10% of the flora of other Pacific regions (Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Vanuatu, Wallis & Futuna). The collection also includes 400 fruit specimens and hundreds of samples conserved in silicate and alcohol. The taxonomy is based on the taxonomic database “Florical” of the indigenous flora of New-Caledonia (Morat et al., in press).

The Herbarium Pacificum (BISH) collection consists of more than 710,000 plant, algae and fungi specimens. Our emphasis is on Hawai‘i and the Pacific Basin, but we also house representative material from other world regions. The collections of Hawaiian plants form the largest and most comprehensive assemblage of such specimens in the world, with approximately 187,000 specimens.

Numerous collections of major importance to Hawaii and Pacific botany and phycology are located at BISH, including those by H. St. John, F.R. Fosberg, O. Degener, J.F. Rock, C.N. Forbes, B.C. Stone, D.R. Herbst, W.L. Wagner, D. Nelson, U.J. Faurie, G.C. Munro, H. Mann, W.T. Brigham, I.A. Abbott, and M.S. Doty. Type specimens have been imaged at high resolution and are available online via JSTOR's Global Plants and are housed in a fire-protected room.

Mostly specimens from the Hawaiian Islands and other Pacific islands.

Kalaupapa National Historical Park maintains a small herbarium in its museum collection to serve as a biological inventory of the landscape. The collection also supports the mission to illustrate and document the compelling story of separation forced by a devastating disease and the nationally significant natural and cultural resources found within its boundaries. The museum collection, first managed in 1987, contains over 300,000 objects including 70 linear feet of archival documents, primarily representing the late twentieth century experiences of patient-residents' within the Kalaupapa Settlement. A growing portion of the collection is made up of archeological assemblages and representative natural history specimens as the NPS continues to inventory resources associated with the park.

Kalaupapa National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park located in Kalaupapa, Hawaiʻi, on the island of Molokaʻi. Coterminous with the boundaries of Kalawao County and primarily on Kalaupapa peninsula, it was established by Congress in 1980 to expand upon the earlier National Historic Landmark site of the Kalaupapa Leper Settlement. It is administered by the National Park Service.

Its goal is to preserve the cultural and physical settings of the two leper colonies on the island of Molokaʻi, which operated from 1866 to 1969 and had a total of 8500 residents over the decades. More than 7300 people live on the remainder of the island, which was a site of cattle ranching and pineapple production for decades. Much of these lands were purchased and controlled by the owners and developers of Molokai Ranch. This part of the island is also a tourist destination.

Founded in 1996 by preservationists Sam and Mary Cooke, the Mānoa Heritage Center is a non-profit organization, whose mission is to promote the thoughtful stewardship of the natural and cultural heritage of Hawai‘i. This remarkable site consists of Kūka‘ō‘ō Heiau, a Native Hawaiian garden and Kūali‘i, a Tudor-style house, built in 1911 that is presently the Cookes' private residence. The heiau and historic home are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Currently, only Kūka‘ō‘ō Heiau and garden tours are available, guided by well-trained, knowledgeable and enthusiastic volunteer docents. Reservations are needed with two-week advance notice preferred. The Center is committed to preserving and interpreting the heiau, the Native Hawaiian garden, the historic home, Cooke family history and the natural and cultural account of Mānoa Valley for visitors to discover and appreciate!

The National Park of American Samoa is a national park in the American Territory of American Samoa, distributed across three separate islands: Tutuila, Ofu, and Ta‘ū. The park preserves and protects coral reefs, tropical rainforests, fruit bats, and the Samoan culture. It is popular for hiking and snorkeling. Of the park's 13,500 acres (5,500 ha), 9,000 acres (3,600 ha) is land and 4,500 acres (1,800 ha) is coral reefs and ocean.[3] It is the only American national park south of the Equator. The park maintains a small herbarium with 905 specimens, collected during two projects. The first project was conducted by Art Whistler and the second was led by Diane Ragone of the National Tropical Botanical Garden.

NTBG’s herbarium grew by 1,791 specimens in 2014 and currently holds over 72,000 vouchers. The databasing and barcoding of 43,500 specimens plus the photographing of 33,700 specimens was accomplished, making these data publically available. The herbarium specimens are one of the NTBG's oldest collections and are housed at the institution's research headquarters in Hawai'i. They consists of preserved, dried and pressed plant specimens (vouchers), which serve as a considerable resource for scientific research, including floristic and systematic studies. The collections concentrate on plants of the Hawaiian Islands and the tropical Pacific region. The institution has amassed the most comprehensive modern collection of vouchers of Hawaiian and Marquesan plants anywhere, including a number of species that are extinct. Plant specimens are acquired through hundreds of collecting expeditions by NTBG field botanists, as well as gifts for identification and exchanges with other institutions. Each specimen is meticulously documented. It is identified by botanical experts and detailed information is recorded about the location where plant was collected. The value of NTBG's herbarium collections is enhanced by its proximity to the living collections and to the library collection.

New Zealand’s herbaria house over one million specimens of plant, algae and fungi. The collecting information stored with these specimens provides an important picture of the distribution of New Zealand’s flora. The New Zealand Virtual Herbarium (NZVH) is an online resource that provides immediate access to this invaluable information. The New Zealand Virtual Herbarium (NZVH) is an on-line botanical information resource accessible via the internet. It provides access to a wealth of data associated with the scientific collections of plant and fungi specimens kept by New Zealand's herbaria. These data are of particular value for establishing the verified geographic distribution of plants and fungi in New Zealand. The NZVH is a collaborative project involving 11 herbaria in New Zealand, developed under the auspices of the New Zealand National Herbarium Network. Collection data will be added progressively to the NZVH. Databasing and verification are the responsibility of individual herbaria and are progressing at different rates as resources permit. About 650,000 specimens are currently databased, and the number is increasing all the time.

The C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium is the gateway to the digitized specimens of the William and Lynda Steere Herbarium. Currently, 2.5 million specimen records and 1.5 million images are available. The records presented in this collection are all from Oceania.

OANRP maintains a small herbaium of primarily threatened or endangered plants. OANRP oversees compliance with the Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (FWCA), Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), and the Sikes Act. The goal of the program is to effectively balance the requirements of the Army's training mission with it's natural resource responsibilities

Approximately 300,000 specimens. Mainly vascular plants, few bryophytes of Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya, and Solomon Islands (excluding Santa Cruz); some southeastern Asia, Indonesia, and tropical Australia. Important collections: L. J. Brass, L. Craven, J. R. Croft, R. D. Hoogland, R. Pullen, J. C. Saunders, R. Schodde, W. Takeuchi
Date Founded: 1944.

The Solomon Islands herbarium collection was relocated to Suva in Fiji in 2000 for safe-keeping as a result of civil unrest in the capital of Honiara. Since this time, the specimens have not been returned as result of a lack appropriate facilities. The 1993 state of environment report (Leary, 1993) stated that the Herbarium collection contains more than 30,000 plant specimens collected during the period 1965-1972 by forestry workers, E. S Brown from the Agriculture Division (1954-1956), Geoff Dennis (1965-1972) and D. Glenny and M. Qusa (1990-1991). Plans are now underway to relocated the The National Herbarium at the Honiara Botanical Garden next year. The Solomon Islands, with its abundance of ecosystems, is home to an estimated 7,000 or more native species. Due to massive deforestation and the cultivation of oil palm, cocoa and other cash crops, however, the coverage of native forests is gradually diminishing. Native species are under threat, and many face extinction. The Solomon Islands government currently runs the National Herbarium and Botanical Gardens.

Reference: http://www.solomonstarnews.com/news/national/8605-national-herbarium-to-be-relocated

This collection includes specimens collected for BOT461 Systematics of Vascular Plants. Hands-on experience with Hawai’i’s unique tropical flora; emphasis on recognition and identification of vascular plant families and the principles and methodologies that define them; evolution of biodiversity. 4 credits. Instructor: Dr. Tom Ranker

The Tonga National Herbarium is maintained by the Ministry Agriculture and Food, Forestry, and Fisheries at the Vaini Research Station. It contains more than 3000 specimens from several collectors including Hurliman, G. Yuncker, G. Buelow, and Art Whistler.

The modern period of collecting in Tonga began with the work of G. Buelow, who worked in Tonga from 1977 to 1983 as a Peace Corps voluneer, and compiled by far the largest collection of any botanist working in Tonga. He collected throughout Tonga, but his work has never been published. His specimens are stored at the Christchurch Herbarium in New Zealand, and the Bishop Museum. At about the same time (1977 and 1978) another significant, but smaller, collection was made by W.R. Sykes on ‘Eua, Vava‘u, and Late. His collections are a basis for his fern study of ‘Eua (Sykes 1977) and a vegetation study of Late (Sykes 1981). However, Sykes’ collections, which probably number over 900 (nos. 1 to 903), are stored at Christchurch, but have never been published. A complication in the counting of Buelow and Sykes’ specimens exists because they collected together on Vava‘u and Late, with their “Buelow & Sykes” numbers numbering about 286 specimens, starting from “1.” The most recent large collection of Tongan plants was made by Whistler. Information from these collections and his fieldwork in Tonga are the basis of a comparison of the vegetation of Tonga with that of Samoa (Whistler 1992), but little taxonomic work has been done on these specimens. His collections, which number about 1514 (nos. 4973–4983, 5940–6779, 7103–7502, 9873–9874, 10542–10734, 11339–11354, 11674–11705, 11778–11784, 12165–12178), are stored in Whistler's personal collection at the University of Hawai‘i Joseph F. Rock Herbarium, with numerous duplicates in various other herbaria.

The University of Hawai'i at Manoa is home to more than 500 species plants. They intrigue campus visitors and provide students and professors with a living outdoor botanical laboratory.

This dataset contains only Pacific Island database records. The United States National Herbarium was founded in 1848, when the first collections were accessioned from the United States Exploring Expedition (50,000 specimens of 10,000 species). Current holdings total 5 million specimens, making this collection among the ten largest in the world representing about 8% of the plant collection resources of the United States.

Melinda Peters, Acquisitions and Exchange, petersm@si.edu
Meghann Toner, Herbarium Manager/Visitors, Interim Loans Officer, tonerm@si.edu
Joseph Kirkbride, kirkbridej@si.edu

The University of Guam Herbarium specializes in research on the insular floras of Guam, the northern Mariana Islands and Micronesia, a region in the western tropical Pacific of over 2000 islands in an area the size of the continental United States. Important collections include those of P.H. Moore, A.F. Rinehart, B.C. Stone and R.T. Tsuda. The Herbarium contains over 57,000 specimens (with 46,000 phanerogams and pteridophytes) and is listed in the Index Herbariorum, the world directory of public herbaria. We currently seek inquiries for exchange of specimens, which should be directed via post to the Curator.

The UOG Herbarium was established to further the knowledge of the plants of Guam and other islands of Micronesia. A large collection of exemplars collected world-wide is devoted to teaching. The collections also serve as a reference tool for local and visiting scientists. Systematic research is published in technical papers and peer-reviewed publications for the wider scientific community. Herbarium staff provide expertise in botany for local needs, such as environmental impact assessments and conservation and management efforts via surveys and the assembling of inventories of protected areas.

Reference: The University of Guam: The first Forty-Five Years.

The South Pacific Regional Herbarium (SPRH) was established in 1993 by the Fiji Department of Agriculture and was then known as the Fiji Herbarium (Suva). The University of the South Pacific (USP), through theInstitute of Applied Sciences, assumed responsibility for the maintenance and administration of the facility in 1982. It currently houses more than 40,000 vascular plant specimens in the main collection. It also has a wet collection of plant parts, bryophytes and algae from the Pacific region. The SPRH serve the member countries of the USP which consists of the Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshalls Islands, Nauru, Niue,Niue, Solomon Island, Samoa, Tonga, Tokelau, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. The SPRH serves as a very important resource in matters pertaining to the taxonomy, conservation and ecology of plants, forestry, land use planning, economic plants and weed problems in the region. As a member of an international network of herbaria, the SPRH participates in programs with other international herbaria to maintain collections of botanical plants specimens for study by both local and international botanists and scientists working in associated fields.

The herbarium has more than 18,000 specimens with about 11,000 records databased. The main collections come from Aneityum, Tanna, Erromango, Efate, Santo, Malakula, Ambrym and Vanua lava islands. Specimens collected before 1971 are disseminated in overseas herbaria such as Bishop Museum in Hawaii, Victoria USA, Brisbane, and Kew in England, Netherlands and Museum d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. With an assistance of IRD (Institute de recherché et du development) from New Caledonia and a contribution of the Department of Forestry, the herbarium has been relocated in a new Forestry office with new cabinetry and air conditioning to accommodate specimens.

'O keia ka wā kūpono e ho'onui ai ka 'ike me ka ho'omaopopo i kō Hawai'i mau ho'oilina waiwai. Aia nō ho'i ma ke Kulanui Kaiāulu o ke Ko'olau nā papahana hou o nā 'ike 'akeakamai a me nā hana no'eau. Me ke kuleana ko'iko'i e ho'ohiki ke Kulanui e kāko'o a e ho'okumu i ala e hiki kē kōkua i ka ho'onui 'ike a nā kānaka maoli. Na mākou nō e ho'olako, kāko'o a paipai i nā Ko'olau a kō O'ahu a'e me nā hana no'eau ākea, ka ho'ona'auao 'oihana a me ka ho'onui 'ike ma ke kaiāulu — hō'a'ano a e ho'oulu i nā haumāna i ka po'okela.

Windward Community College offers innovative programs in the arts and sciences and opportunities to gain knowledge and understanding of Hawai‘i and its unique heritage. With a special commitment to support the access and educational needs of Native Hawaiians, we provide O‘ahu’s Ko‘olau region and beyond with liberal arts, career and lifelong learning in a supportive and challenging environment — inspiring students to excellence.